Introduction In early 20th-century Britain, two powerful forces shaped public health policy: the fight against tuberculosis, and the rise of the eugenics movement. These forces eventually collided—scientifically, politically, and ethically. The dispute was not merely theoretical. It defined how society understood disease, poverty, heredity, and the responsibilities of the state. This collision played a central…
This is the third and final part of Dr Sutherland’s account of the siege of the Alcazar in Toledo. The Mayor of Toledo showed us over the Alcazar, and there was no better guide as he had been there throughout the siege. With the aid of electric torches we saw the great vaults where the…
This is part two of Dr Sutherland’s account of the siege of the Alcazar in 1936. The Madrid Government sent two emissaries to the Alcazar. The first was major Rojo, and officer of the regular army, and one of the few who had remained loyal to the Popular Front Government. Most of those who did…
Dr Halliday Sutherland visited the Alcázar, Toledo in 1946 as the guest of the Spanish government. Dr Sutherland wrote about the epic siege that took place there during the Spanish Civil War in “Spanish Journey”. This is part one. From Madrid we made a one-day excursion to Toledo. Dona Beatriz stayed at home but Don…
Introduction The Stopes v Sutherland libel trial (1923–24) was one of Britain’s most significant public debates about population control and eugenics. Yet today accounts of the trial are often simplified into a “Catholics against contraceptives” schema and Stopes’ eugenic agenda is downplayed (or even omitted!). This post explains what the trial was really about and…